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第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)：shams

第三人稱(chēng)復(fù)數(shù)：shams

現(xiàn)在分詞：shamming

過(guò)去分詞：shammed

過(guò)去式：shammed

名詞假冒; 贗品; 騙子; 套; 枕套

及物動(dòng)詞假裝

不及物動(dòng)詞掩飾

形容詞虛假的，假裝的

sham

動(dòng)詞feign

名詞fraud mock hoax pretense imitation fake

形容詞real

sham

名詞

1. Their independence was a sham.
他們的獨(dú)立是一個(gè)騙局。

2. He's a sham.
他是騙子。

3. His love was a mere sham.
他的愛(ài)情是虛假的。

4. Are these real diamonds or only sham?
這些是真的鉆石還是膺品？

1. 騙局：但觀察團(tuán)的結(jié)論,與歐洲安全暨合作組織觀察員的結(jié)果互相沖突(clash with). 歐洲觀察員譴責(zé)(denounce)選舉本身是虛晃一招的騙局(sham),選舉缺失不勝枚舉(numerous shortcomings),尤其作票(vote rigging)更是層出不窮.

2. 假冒：同~am串記:假冒(sham)火腿(ham)果醬(jam)夾(ja~諧音),堵塞(jam)大水壩(dam). 同~an串記:罐頭(can)看,黑(tan)象碳. 盤(pán)子(pan)盤(pán),男人(man)蠻,禁令(ban)頒. 帶蓬貨車(chē)(van)布是帆,扇子(fan)煽動(dòng)是要反--押韻的尾字均為相應(yīng)單詞諧音.

3. 假：該通訊還報(bào)道說(shuō),大約40%對(duì)藥物耐受的抑郁患者在接受TMS之后,癥狀出現(xiàn)了改善. 這些對(duì)TMS治療精神分裂、創(chuàng)傷后應(yīng)激障礙的研究結(jié)果則比較混亂. 一項(xiàng)對(duì)照試驗(yàn)顯示TMS在治療強(qiáng)迫性神經(jīng)癥方面,并不比假(sham)治療效果好.

4. sham：sodium hexa-metaphosphate; 六偏磷酸鈉

sham在線(xiàn)翻譯

1. Methods 60 SD rats were randomly divided into sham, I/R model and Tetrandrine groups.
60只SD大鼠隨機(jī)分為假手術(shù)組，模型組，粉防己堿組。

2. Methods 90 Sprague-Daw rats were divided into sham-operative group, ICH model group and ginkgo therapy group. Every group divided 6h, 12h, 24h, 72h and 7d. Collagenase type Ⅶ with heparinize was infused into the right caudate nucleus to establish rat experimental ICH model.
采用肝素化VII型膠原酶腦內(nèi)注入法制作大鼠腦出血模型，應(yīng)用免疫組化技術(shù)測(cè)定大鼠腦出血后血腫周?chē)�組織中IL-8、ICAM-1的表達(dá)含量。

3. The surface of articular remained smooth and the degree of cartilage degeneration was better than the sham-operated side.
治療后三個(gè)月，處理區(qū)的軟骨表面仍然保持平整，軟骨的退變程度比對(duì)照側(cè)輕。

4. In normal group and sham lesion group, BDA positive neurons were distributed symmetrically in the pyramid cells of sensorimotor cortex, and BDA positive fibers of pyramid cells passed through the cerebral cortex, internal capsule, cerebral peduncle of midbrain, basilar portion of pons to the pyramid of medulla oblongata. At the lower part of the medulla oblongata, most of the BDA positive fibers passed through the pyramidal decussation to the contralateral side, continously descended at the ventral part of posterior funiculus just dorsal to the posterior gray commissure and ended at sacral spinal segments.
正常組和假損傷組大鼠BDA示蹤顯示BDA標(biāo)記陽(yáng)性細(xì)胞定位于雙側(cè)感覺(jué)運(yùn)動(dòng)皮層的錐體細(xì)胞，錐體細(xì)胞發(fā)出的BDA陽(yáng)性纖維束對(duì)稱(chēng)分布于雙側(cè)皮層、內(nèi)囊、大腦腳、腦橋基底部、延髓錐體中的皮質(zhì)脊髓束內(nèi)，繼而經(jīng)錐體交叉到脊髓后索，在雙側(cè)后索最深層、灰質(zhì)后連合背側(cè)下行至脊髓骶段。

5. Results The BEL7402 cell proliferation rate of five LDR subgroups had no difference from that of sham irridation group in cell counts and MTT assay results.
結(jié)果 細(xì)胞計(jì)數(shù)及MTT試驗(yàn)，5個(gè)LDR組BEL7402細(xì)胞增殖率與假輻射組比較差異不顯著（P＞0.05）。

6. Methods:Male Sprague- Dawley rats were divided into normal control, sham operation control and injury g roups.
雄性SD大鼠，隨機(jī)分為正常對(duì)照組、手術(shù)對(duì)照組和損傷組。

7. RESULTS: Deteriorated oxygenation, metabolic and lactate acidosis, as well as exhaled nitric oxide levels occurring during acutepancreatitis, were reduced by TEA to levels observed in sham-operatedanimals.
結(jié)果：急性胰腺炎期間會(huì)損害肺的氧合能力、代謝情況，以及引起乳酸酸中毒和呼出氣一氧化氮水平升高，而這些情況在假手術(shù)組中顯示可被 TEA 所改善。

8. Results Compared with Sham group, after intestinal I/R injury, activity of SOD was decreased, while the levels of MDA and NO was increased in serum and liver tissue.
結(jié)果與假手術(shù)組相比，腸I／R損傷后，血清及肝組織中的SOD活力降低，MDA、NO水平升高，鏡檢發(fā)現(xiàn)肝有明顯組織形態(tài)學(xué)損傷。

sham在線(xiàn)翻譯

9. There was no significant difference between excision group and sham surgery group.
切除組與假手術(shù)組無(wú)顯著差別（P＞0.05）。

10. Sham surgery was performed on the contralateral artery, which served as control for imaging experiments.
方法和結(jié)果：使用導(dǎo)絲在的左側(cè)頸總動(dòng)脈制造傷口，同時(shí)在對(duì)側(cè)動(dòng)脈制造假傷作為成像實(shí)驗(yàn)的對(duì)照。

11. MATERIALS: Sixty Wistar rats, with body weight of (240±20) g, were randomly divided into sham surgery, model and transplantation groups, with 20 animals in each group.
材料：體質(zhì)量為(240±20)g的Wistar大鼠60只，隨機(jī)分為假手術(shù)組、模型對(duì)照組、細(xì)胞移植組，20只/組。

12. Using sham surgery as a placebo, in which patients have incisions but no real treatment, raises ethical questions, but has been done in some research — and some patients say they feel better.
用假的手術(shù)作為安慰劑，意思是在背部切成開(kāi)口，并沒(méi)有真正的采用治療，但是這種方法又出現(xiàn)了倫理上的問(wèn)題，可是確實(shí)可能使他們感到好一些。

13. The OIS in the OVX groups was significantly less than sham surgery groups, reducing 30.8% and 13.0%, respectively.
骨質(zhì)疏松組在骨整合率上較假手術(shù)組顯著降低，分別降低30.8%和13.0%。

14. Sham operation group underwent thoracotomy surgery with the same volume of saline injection.
另外8只作為假手術(shù)組僅開(kāi)胸，每次給予相同劑量生理鹽水。

15. The cellular immunity of tumor-bearing mice in MTC group was much higher than that in excision group and sham surgery group (both P＜0.01) one week after the radical treatment, and it is also higher than that in normal control group.
經(jīng)根治性微波固化治療后第1周，荷瘤小鼠的細(xì)胞免疫力顯著高于假手術(shù)對(duì)照組和切除組（P＜0.01），也高于正常對(duì)照組。

16. Methods:The AdIκBaM was injected to inhibit the activation of NF-κB specially, in advance and set up three groups: Group A:inject AdIκBaM to cortex of rat; group B:ischemia simply; group C:sham operation.
預(yù)先皮質(zhì)注射AdIκBαM，特異地抑制NF-κB的激活，分為皮質(zhì)注射重組AdIkBαM組、單純局部缺血組、假手術(shù)組。

17. Deep water paper, thermal fax paper, Sham Tseng polyester cardboard, Sham Tseng pressure records paper, electroenciphalogram paper, low voltage electric susceptibility, oscilloscopic using paper, elctroacoustic paper, force are paper, meteorological record sheets and regulator inked ribbons for paper, thermal paper, ECG velcanized, bolgarii fax paper, spark a transcript of the shadow fax paper, pH test strip velcanized, hydrogen sulfide, carbon paper analysis paper, multi-powder-electrogenerated paper, sound paper, instrument records velcanized, potassium chloride punch holes in the paper, paper, electrostatic aunt of paper.
深井抗水記錄紙、熱感傳真紙、深井滌綸卡紙、深井壓力記錄紙、腦電圖紙、低電壓電敏紙、示波用記錄紙、電聲紙、力感記錄紙、氣象記錄紙、校表儀墨帶紙、熱敏記錄紙、心電圖原紙、火花傳真紙、火花謄影傳真紙、pH試紙?jiān)�紙、硫化氫分析紙、碳素紙、濕式電化學(xué)記錄紙、聲芯紙、儀表記錄原紙、氯化鉀記錄紙、打孔記錄紙、靜電姨媽紙。

18. For those in control group (n=14), the animals did not undergo any surgery of the nerve fibers and ganglia. In Vi group (n=9), the animals underwent bilateral resection of the nasociliary and postganglionic parasympathetic nerve fibbers. In SCG group (n=8), the animals underwent bilateral resection of supper cervical ganglia. In V1+SCG group (n=9), the animals underwent both surgeries as Vi and SCG group did. In sham operation group (n=11), the animals underwent carotid manipulation with blunt-tipped forceps as well as dissection of nasociliary and postganglionic parasympathetic nerve fibers around the ethmoidal foramen, without cutting any nerves. SCS was performed on rats and CBF was monitored by laser Doppler flowmeter recordings.
SD大鼠分5組：對(duì)照組（n=14，不對(duì)神經(jīng)纖維和神經(jīng)節(jié)作任何手術(shù)處理）、V1組（n=9，切斷雙側(cè)鼻睫狀神經(jīng)及其副交感節(jié)后纖維）、SCG組（n=8，切斷雙側(cè)頸上神經(jīng)節(jié)）、V1+SCG組（n=9，切斷雙側(cè)鼻睫狀神經(jīng)及其副交感節(jié)后纖維和雙側(cè)頸上神經(jīng)節(jié)）、假手術(shù)組（n=11，手術(shù)暴露雙側(cè)鼻睫狀神經(jīng)及其副交感節(jié)后纖維和雙側(cè)頸上神經(jīng)節(jié)，但不切斷神經(jīng)纖維或神經(jīng)節(jié)）；給予大鼠SCS，并用激光多普勒實(shí)時(shí)記錄腦血流。

19. Control group, the animal underwent SCS and LDF recordings without any surgery of the nerve fibers and ganglia. V1 group, the animal underwent bilateral resection of the nasociliary and post-ganglionic parasympathetic nerve fibbers. SCG group, the animal underwent bilateral resection of supper cervical ganglion. V1 + SCG group, the animal underwent both surgeries as V1- and SCG-group animals did. Sham group, the animal underwent the carotid manipulation with blunt-tipped forceps as well as the dissection of nasociliary and post-ganglionic parasympathetic nerve fibers around the ethmoidal foramen, but without cutting any nerves.
動(dòng)物分成5組，對(duì)照組：不對(duì)神經(jīng)纖維和神經(jīng)節(jié)作任何手術(shù)處理；V1組：切斷雙側(cè)鼻睫狀神經(jīng)及其副交感節(jié)后纖維；SCS組：切斷雙側(cè)頸上神經(jīng)節(jié)；V1+SCG：切斷雙側(cè)鼻睫狀神經(jīng)及其副交感節(jié)后纖維及雙側(cè)頸上神經(jīng)節(jié)；假手術(shù)組：手術(shù)暴露雙側(cè)鼻睫狀神經(jīng)和其副交感節(jié)后纖維及雙側(cè)頸上神經(jīng)節(jié)，但不切斷神經(jīng)纖維或神經(jīng)節(jié)。

20. Methods Sixty SD rats were randomly divided in to sham operated group, septic group, and DADLE group.
SD大鼠60只，分為假手術(shù)組、膿毒癥組和DADLE(5 mg/kg)給藥處理組，每組20只。

1. 假象;虛偽;虛假
Something that is a sham is not real or is not really what it seems to be.

e.g. The government's promises were exposed as a hollow sham...
實(shí)情被揭穿了:政府的承諾原來(lái)是空洞的謊言。
e.g. Many of the world's leaders have already denounced this election as a sham.
許多國(guó)家的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人已經(jīng)指責(zé)這次大選弄虛作假。

1. Critics call the Japanese program a sham, noting the meat turns up for sale for human consumption.

2. sham什么意思

2. The carcass was found and collected on October 15 at the refuse collection chamber in Sham Shui Po Park.

3. The goose carcass was collected at a beach near Sham Shek Tsuen on the island Tuesday.

4. Sham acupuncture is a procedure designed to prevent patients from being able to detect if needles are actually inserted at treatment points.

5. Only 15 percent of patients in the acupuncture group required extra pain drugs, compared with 34 percent in the sham group.

6. Sham and fellow experts recommend people undergo a colonoscopy once every 10 years from the age of 50.

7. Some of them live in " cubicle apartments " in Sham Shui Po, and the monthly rent often exceeds their welfare payments.

8. Police failed to persuade Sham Shui Po residents to allow installation of surveillance cameras to deter acid attacks at a district council meeting yesterday.

9. In order for the National Games to not become a sham and a shame, the sports authorities must act before the downward spiral becomes irreversible.

10. sham

10. The whaling nations claimed the proposal was little more than a sham aimed at ending centuries of whaling tradition for good.

sham的近義詞

noun

1. sham的近義詞

1. something that is a counterfeit
not what it seems to be

Synonym: fake postiche

2. a person who makes deceitful pretenses

Synonym: imposter impostor pretender fake faker fraud shammer pseudo pseud role player

verb

1. make believe with the intent to deceive

e.g. He feigned that he was ill
He shammed a headache

Synonym: feign pretend affect dissemble

2. sham

2. make a pretence of

e.g. She assumed indifference, even though she was seething with anger
he feigned sleep

Synonym: simulate assume feign

adj

1. adopted in order to deceive

e.g. an assumed name
an assumed cheerfulness
a fictitious address
fictive sympathy
a pretended interest
a put-on childish voice
sham modesty

Synonym: assumed false fictitious fictive pretended put on