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虛擬語氣

一、回顧上單元的if虛擬語氣,請?zhí)畋砀?



If 從句的謂語形式

主句的謂語形式

與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反





與過去事實(shí)相反





與將來事實(shí)相反





虛擬語氣假設(shè)條件句型注意點(diǎn)：

1. If you _________ (listen) to the teacher carefully yesterday, you __________ (know) how to answer this question now.

2．If you_________(come) and attended the meeting yesterday, you __________ (know ) what we are doing now.

3．If you ___________ (follow) my advice, you ___________ (be) in trouble now.

★ 以上虛擬語氣叫做錯(cuò)綜條件虛擬語氣，因?yàn)榧僭O(shè)條件從句謂語動(dòng)詞發(fā)生的時(shí)間與主句所假設(shè)的謂語動(dòng)詞發(fā)生的時(shí)間不一致。主句和從句的謂語動(dòng)詞要依照它所表示的時(shí)間而定。

1. If I were you, I would give it up = __________________________________

2.If it were not for your advice, we couldn’t have got over the difficulties.

= ___________________________________________________________

3.If I had had time, I would have run round that lake again.

= ______________________________________________

4.If there should be a flood, what should we do = ____________________________

★以上虛擬語氣是if省略的倒裝句型。should，were，had三個(gè)助動(dòng)詞提至句首。

★虛擬語氣特殊句型：

________________________________.　我希望和你一樣高。

________________________________. 他希望他沒講那樣的話。

________________________________. 我希望明下雨就好了。

①wish / if only/as if 現(xiàn)在：__________ 過去：____________ 未來：__________

I would rather you _______ (pay) me now.

I would rather you ___________ (go) yesterday.

Don’t come. I would rather you _________(come) tomorrow.

②would rather that 現(xiàn)在/未來：___________ 過去：___________

你該走了。It’s high time that __________________________

我們該去睡覺了。It’s time _____________________________

③It’s (about/high) time +that ______________

The guard at gate insisted that everybody _______(obey)the rules.

He insisted that she______(be)seriously ill and that ______(send) to hospitals at once.

He suggested that we_________(have) a meeting at once.

His pale face suggested that he________(be) ill.

④表示要求、命令、建議的詞，即1.insist （堅(jiān)決要求）、demand、require、 request 2. order, command 3. advise, suggest, propose ,recommend這些動(dòng)詞后面的賓語從句要使用虛擬語氣用法。即從句中的動(dòng)詞使用should +v，或者將should省略。●以上動(dòng)詞相應(yīng)的名詞構(gòu)成的從句也要使用虛擬語氣。1.demand, request, reqirement 2.order, command 3.advice, suggestion, proposal, recommendation,

It is important that we _____________ (master) a foreign language.

It is strange that she ____________ (refuse) to come to the party.

It’s necessary that we ____________ (study) hard.

⑤It’s necessary /strange/ important + that---Clause 從句中的動(dòng)詞要用虛擬，即（should）+動(dòng)詞原形

二、本單元的學(xué)習(xí)重點(diǎn)：含蓄條件句

or, otherwise（否則） / with, without, but for（若非，倘若沒有，要不是）代替if 從句來表示隱含的虛擬語氣。

Without examinations，students today _____________(live) a much happier life.

I was busy yesterday, or/otherwise I ______________(come) to help you.

將下列含蓄條件句改成if 條件虛擬

Without sunlight, people’s life would be different from today.

= _______________________________________________

But for your help, I wouldn’t have finished the work.

= _______________________________________________

But for water, it would be impossible to live in the desert.

= _____________________________________________

I am too busy now, otherwise I would help you clean the house.

= ________________________________________________

They got two tickets; otherwise they wouldn’t have been able to go to Canada.

= _______________________________________________________

▲ He ________________(succeed), but he was too careless.

動(dòng)詞填空：

1．Doctor Zhang, I can’t thank you enough, because without your help, I ___________(not survive) the accident. (wouldn’t have survived)

2. We’re going to have a picnic tomorrow. If only it _____(stop) raining !(would stop )

3. I didn’t go to the party, but I do wish I _________(be) there.(had been )

4.I lost your address, otherwise I _______(visit) you long before. (would have visited)

5. ―Would you have told him the answer, if possible?

―Yes, I would have, but I ___________(be) very busy. (was)

6. They urged that the library ___________(keep) open during the vacation. (should be kept )

7.I forget where I read the article, or I _________(show) it to you now.(would show)

8. It is hard for me to imagine what I would be doing today if I ____( not fall) in love, at the age of seven, with the Melinda Cox Library in my hometown.(hadn’t fallen)

9. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it ___(break).(were broken)

10. But for the help you gave me, I _______________________(not pass) the examinations.(wouldn’t have passed)

練習(xí)


1.Were it not for the snowy weather, we __________all right.


A. would be B. would have been C. were D. may be


2. ________more careful, his ship would not have sunk.


A. If the captain were B. Had the captain been


C. Should the captain be D. If the captain would have been


3. If he _________ me tomorrow, I would let him know.


A. should call B. should not have been able


C. were not able D. are not able


4. If you asked your father, you ______________ permission.


A. may get B. might get C. should have called D. maybe get


5. _____________today, he would get there by Friday.


A. Would he leave B. Was he leaving C. Were he to leave D. If he leaves


6. ______I you, I would go with him to the party.


A. Was B. Had been C. Will be D. Were


7. Had Paul received six more votes in the last election, he ______our chairman now.


A. must have been B. would have been C. were D. would be


8. __________ the English examination I would have gone to the concert last Sunday


A. In spite of B. But for C. Because of D. As for


9. Look at the terrible situation I am in! If only I _____________your advice


A. follow B. would follow C. had followed D. have followed


10. If the horse won today, it _____________ thirty races in the past five years.


A. would have won B. won C. must have won D. did have won


11. There is a real possibility that these animals could be frightened, _______a sudden loud noise. A. being there B. should there be C. there was D. there having been


12. If you hadn’t taken such a long time to get dressed, we’d_________ there by now.


A. be B. have been C. were D. been


13. I wish I ___________ with her in the future.


A. would be B. am C. was D. were


14. The picture exhibition bored me to death. I wish I_______________ to it.


A. had not gone B. have not gone C. did not go D. can not have gone


15. George would certainly have attended the meeting, ____________________ .


A. if he didn’t get a flat tire B. if the flat tire hadn’t happened


C. had he not had a flat tire D. had the tire not flattened itself


16. The teacher suggested that her students _____________ experiences with ESP.


A. write a composition on their B. to write composition about the


C.wrote some compositions of his or her D.had written any compositions for his


17. He speaks Chinese as fluently as if he ______________a Chinese.


A. were B. had been C. is D. has been


18. Looking round the town, he felt as though he ______________ away for ages.


A. has been B. was C. is D. had been


19. Most insurance agents would rather you ___________ anything about collecting claims until they investigate the situation.


A. do B. don’t C. didn’t D. didn’t do


20. It is important that the TOEFL office ________ your registration.


A. will confirm B. confirm C. confirms D. must confirm


21. Without electronic computers, much of today’s advanced technology __________.


A. will not have been achieved B. have not been achieved


C. would not have been achieved D. had not been achieved


22. ________ she ________ yesterday, she would meet the famous singer today.


A. If, didn’t leave B. Had, not left C. Hadn’t, left D. Didn’t, leave


23. It is time that the government ____measures to protect the rare birds and animals.


A. takes B. took C. has taken D. taking


24. Some people are too particular about school records, insisting that every applicant ________ all diplomas from elementary school to university.


A. has B. will have C. should have D. must have


25. He was very busy yesterday, otherwise he _____ to the meeting.


A. would come B. came C. would have come D. had come


26. If I had seen the movie, I ______________ you all about it now.


A. would tell B. will tell C. have told D. would have told


27. I had hoped that John _______ a year in Africa, but he stayed there only for three months. A. spends B. spent C. would spend D. will spend


28. It’s high time they____________ this road.


A. mend B. mended C. must have mended D. will mend


29. It’s about time people______ notice of what women did during the war.


A. take B. took C. have taken D. will take


30. He’s working hard for fear that he_____________ .


A. should fall behind B. fell behind


C. may fall behind D. would fall behind


31. In the past men generally preferred that their wives______________ in the home.


A. worked B. would work C. work D. were working


32. For a child to give up his less mature idea for a more mature one, it requires that the child _____ psychologically ready for the new idea.


A. is B. were C. be D. would be


33. Your advice that_____________ till next week is reasonable.


A. she waits B. she wait C. wait she D. she waited


34. It was essential that we ______ lease (租約)before the end of the month.


A. sign B. signed C. had signed D. were signing


35. I advised that the sick child ________ a hospital as soon as possible.


A. should send to B. should be sent


C. be sent to D. must be sent to


36. The workers in the factory demanded that their pay ________ be 20 percent.


A. be raised B. would be raised C. raised D. raise


37. The guard at the gate insisted that everybody ________ the rules.


A. obeys B. obey C. will obey D. would obey


38. My suggestion is that she ________ more exercise, which will do a lot of


good to her. A. takes B. must take C. take D. took


39. If only I ________ driving before.


A. learn B. learned C. had learned D. would learn

40. Five minutes earlier, and we ____________ the last bus.

A． had caught B. should have caught C. could have caught D. caught

41. We didn't know his telephone number, otherwise we _________ him.

A. would have telephoned B.must have telephoned

C.would telephone D. had telephoned

42. It is recommended that the project ____ until all the preparations have been made.

A. is not started B. will not be started

C. not be started D.is not to be started

43. From what you have said, it is clear that UNICEF wouldn’t be so popular it not done so much for children.

A. if B. had C. should D. were

44. “It looks as if he were drunk.” “So it does. ________________.”

A. He’d better give up drinking.

B.He shouldn’t have drunk so much.

C.Health is more important than drink.

D. I wonder why he is always doing so.


45. “Mary looks hot and dry.” “So ________ you if you had so high a fever.”


A. do B. are C. will D.would


46. ______ smoking, he would not have got cancer in the lung.


A. Was he given up B. Had he given up C. Did he give D. If he gave up


47. “I’ve told everyone about it.” “Oh, I’d rather you __________.”


A. don’t B. hadn’t C. didn’t D. wouldn’t


1 ~ 20: ABABC DDBCA BAAAC AADDB


21 ~ 40: CBBCC ACBBA CCBAC ABCCC


41―47. ACBDD BB


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