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Unit1名師點(diǎn)津（新人教版必修四）

Ⅰ. 單項(xiàng)填空
1. Someone who lacks staying power and perseverance is unlikely to ________a good researcher.
A. make B. turn
C. get D. grow
解析：選A。make表示“(使)成為”，為及物動(dòng)詞；turn表示“變成，變?yōu)椤�，為不及物�?dòng)詞；get表示“變成，做成”，為不及物動(dòng)詞；grow表示“生長(zhǎng)，成長(zhǎng)”。根據(jù)句意及句式結(jié)構(gòu)，空格處應(yīng)使用及物動(dòng)詞表示“(使)成為”之意。故A項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。
2. Although the teacher didn’t mention any names，everybody knew who he was ________.
A. speaking to　　　　　　　 B. turning to
C. referring to D. talking to
解析：選C。句意：盡管老師沒(méi)有提到任何名字，但每個(gè)人都知道他指的是誰(shuí)。refer to在此表示“提到，談及”。
3. Tom， ________ yourself. Have you already forgotten the rules I told you?
A. behave B. respect
C. consider D. entertain
解析：選A。句意：Tom規(guī)矩點(diǎn)，你忘了我告訴你的那些規(guī)矩了嗎？behave oneself意為“規(guī)矩點(diǎn)”。
4. Everything ________ into consideration，they ought to have another chance.
A. to take B. taken
C. to be taken D. taking
解析：選B。本題考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的用法。根據(jù)短語(yǔ)take sth. into consideration“考慮到某事”的結(jié)構(gòu)分析，此處把該短語(yǔ)的賓語(yǔ)everything提前，所以應(yīng)該使用過(guò)去分詞表示被動(dòng)。
5. He failed the midterm examination and only then ________how much time he had wasted.
A. he realized B. did he realize
C. he had realized D. had he realized
解析：選B。本題考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和倒裝句的用法。根據(jù)語(yǔ)法要求only引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)位于句首時(shí)，需要使用倒裝句結(jié)構(gòu)。而該狀語(yǔ)only then表明了動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去。
6. We had wanted to finish our task by noon，but it didn’t quite ________.
A. find out　　　　　　　　　 B. give out
C. hand out D. work out
解析：選D。本題考查短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：我們?cè)�本想中午前完成任�?wù)，但是結(jié)果并不如愿。find out發(fā)現(xiàn)；give out分發(fā)，用盡；hand out分發(fā)；work out結(jié)果。根據(jù)句意，work out為正確選項(xiàng)。
7. Lucy has ________all of the goals she set for herself in high school and is ready for new challenges at university.
A. acquired B. finished
C. concluded D. achieved
解析：選D。本題考查固定搭配，achieve one’s goals意為“實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)”。
8. On his way to the airport，it ________him all of a sudden that he had forgotten his passport.
A. hit B. knocked
C. occurred D. beat
解析：選A。考查固定句型。It hits/hit sb. that. . . 意為“某人突然想到……”。
9. ?It was ________of Jack to turn off the radio when I was sleeping in the bedroom.
?So he was.
A. reasonable B. sensible
C. considerate D. generous
解析：選C�？疾樾稳菰~辨析。considerate考慮周到的，為(他人)著想的，體貼的。reasonable合情理的，講道理的，公道的；sensible明智的，有感覺(jué)的；generous慷慨的，大方的。
10. The new equipment ________the disabled during the 2008 Beijing Paralympics.
A. was intended for B. was intended to
C. intended for D. intended to
解析：選A。be intended for sb. 為固定短語(yǔ)，表示專(zhuān)供某人使用。句意：這些新設(shè)備是2008年北京殘奧會(huì)期間專(zhuān)供殘疾人使用的。
Ⅱ. 閱讀理解
A
(2009年重慶第一次診斷)New York－Wednesday，October fifteenth，is the first Global Hand Washing Day. Activities are planned in more than twenty countries to get millions of people in the developing world to wash their hands with soap.
Experts say people around the world wash their hands but very few use soap at so?called critical moments. These include after using the toilet，after cleaning a baby and before touching food.
Global Hand Washing Day is the idea of the Public?Private Partnership for Hand Washing with Soap. The goal，they say，is to create a culture of hand washing with soap. The organizers say all soaps are equally effective at removing disease?causing germs(病菌). They say the correct way to wash hands is to wet your hands with a small amount of water and cover them with soap. Rub it into all areas，including under the fingernails. Then，rinse well under running water. Finally，dry your hands with a clean cloth.
The Partnership says soap is important because it increases the time that people spend washing. Soap also helps to break up the dirt that holds most of the germs. And it usually leaves a pleasant smell，which increases the likelihood that people will wash again.
It also says washing with soap before eating and after using the toilet could save more lives than any medicine. It could help reduce cases of diarrhea (痢疾)，which is the second leading cause of child deaths，killing more than one and a half million children a year，by almost half.
1. The most suitable title for the text would be ________.
A. Hand Washing Brings Good Health
B. Hand Washing Gets a Day of Its Own
C. It Is Soap That Matters
D. Partnership for Hand Washing Takes Action
解析：選B。主旨大意題。本文是新聞報(bào)道，通常第一段就是文章的中心段，根據(jù)本段前半部分內(nèi)容可判斷此項(xiàng)最能概括文章大意。
2. The Partnership creates Global Hand Washing Day to ________.
A. call on people to wash hands
B. help the developing countries
C. promote the importance of soap in hand washing
D. make a culture of hand washing in the third world
解析：選C。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第二句可知其目的是宣傳肥皂在洗手中的重要作用。
3. The following facts can explain why soap is important EXCEPT that ________.
A. soap gives people a longer hand washing time
B. soap helps to get rid of more germs off hands
C. soap attracts people to do more hand washing
D. soap gets people into the habit of washing hands
解析：選D。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第四段內(nèi)容可知A、B、C三項(xiàng)正確；文章中沒(méi)有提到肥皂能夠讓人養(yǎng)成洗手的習(xí)慣。
4. According to the last paragraph，diarrhea is a disease that ________.
A. kills half of the kids in developing countries
B. causes the greatest number of child deaths
C. can be prevented by washing hands with soap
D. makes soap stand out in hand washing
解析：選C。推理判斷題。文章最后一段指出用肥皂洗手幾乎可以使痢疾的發(fā)病率降低一半，由此可推測(cè)，痢疾是一種可以通過(guò)用肥皂洗手的方式預(yù)防的疾病。
B
One of the main decisions you must make when traveling is deciding where to stay. A good place to stay can often make a holiday. Whether you are looking for a classy hotel or a night under the stars，we can guide you through your different options.
Bed and Breakfast
An English invention，bed and breakfasts offer exactly what they suggest，a bed for the night and breakfast in the morning. People who hate the anonymity of hotels but want more luxury than a hostel often choose to stay at bed and breakfasts. “B&B’s”，usually someone’s private home，are often found in the countryside.
Hostels
For those traveling on a tight budget，hostels are the best accommodation option. Informal places usually with a friendly youthful vibe，they offer dormitory beds for rent. Bathrooms are usually down the hall.
Remember to check reviews by previous guests online before you book your hostel.
Couch Surfing
An unusual but interesting option，couch surfing is a growing trend among young internationals. The idea is that you become a member of the online couchsurfing community (www. couchsurfing. com) and then when you travel，look up other members in that country and ask to stay on their couch(沙發(fā)). Most hosts will suggest sightseeing trips and take you out in the evening，making it a great way to see things that aren’t in your guidebook. And remember，it may be free but don’t forget to offer to buy your host a drink or dinner.
Camping
Sleeping under the stars! For budget travelers staying at camping grounds is the cheapest way to travel. The drawback is that you have to carry a tent with you. Camping grounds can be found across Europe，America and Australia. However，if you intend on camping in busy cities，check first where the nearest campsite is. More often than not，they are on the outskirts，which can mean lengthy bus rides into town when you want to eat or see the sights.
【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】　出門(mén)旅行，住宿是一大問(wèn)題。本文為手頭緊張的出門(mén)旅游者介紹了四種住宿方式：住宿兼次日早餐的旅館，青年宿舍，睡沙發(fā)旅行和露宿，并介紹了各自的優(yōu)點(diǎn)和不足之處。
5. Hostels are popular among budget travelers because they provide ________.
A. a friendly atmosphere
B. dormitory beds for sale
C. reviews by previous guests
D. beds and bathrooms as well
解析：選A�？疾榧�(xì)節(jié)理解。Hostels一節(jié)說(shuō)，這些非正式的場(chǎng)所給你一種友好的充滿青春活力的氛圍(friendly youthful vibe)。
6. The advantage of couch surfing is that ________.
A. you don’t have to pay any money
B. you can have a couch to sleep on
C. you can explore the nightlife there
D. the host will charge you for sightseeing
解析：選C�？疾橥评砼袛�。Couch Surfing下談到旅游時(shí)尋找這樣的家庭，主人給你提供自家的沙發(fā)代替旅館，在夜晚，主人會(huì)帶你出去轉(zhuǎn)悠，你能看見(jiàn)在旅游指南上找不到的東西。
7. The disadvantage of camping is that you have to ________.
A. sleep in the open air
B. take some extra articles
C. camp near big cities for safety
D. take a long distance bus to the campsites
解析：選B�？疾橥评砼袛唷Ｗ詈笠还�(jié)談到露宿，說(shuō)它能讓你在星空下睡覺(jué)，不方便的地方是你出門(mén)時(shí)得帶著帳篷，因此選B，要額外攜帶一些物品。
8. You want a better but not too expensive place to stay，you may choose ________.
A. Bed and Breakfast　　　　　　B. Hostels
C. Couch Surfing D. Camping
解析：選A。考查推理判斷。本文介紹了四種經(jīng)濟(jì)的出行方式：住宿兼次日早餐的旅館，青年宿舍，睡沙發(fā)旅行和露宿。從各部分的介紹看，A項(xiàng)相對(duì)來(lái)說(shuō)條件更好，它比青年宿舍更舒服一些，又不像旅館那么貴。
Ⅲ. 任務(wù)型讀寫(xiě)
(安徽省合肥八中2010屆高三第二次月考)
Some common tips can help you in preventing air journey problems. These tips are very common but you can travel happily if you follow them.
Go to a journey with a minimum sized bag.
You can bring your own food for journey to make sure that you get what you want to eat. Bring at least a magazine or a book to avoid boredom.
You can eat at the airport before you take off so as to make sure that you do not feel hungry during the journey. The basic idea is that you should not feel hungry or get bored during the journey as it might spoil your mood.
When boarding the plane，do notice the place of exit. Also，count the number of rows you have to pass from the exit. Doing this can help you to have a better idea of escaping from the plane in case of any emergency.
Read the manual or instructions provided by the staff. A plane for a safer journey will make you feel cool and relaxed at the time of traveling.
If you buy tickets online，call airline，and ask them to assign you a seat right away. If you come at the last moment，just before your plane takes off，you might not get a desired seat.
Sometimes，planes are overbooked，and if you are not assigned a seat，You might be forced to fly by another flight.
Make sure you keep everything you need before you take off. Avoid checking your bag again and again. Keep your money safe.
The best way to avoid problem is to make a note of everything you have in your bag. In this way，you can never forget anything important.
Helpful 1. ________for a Happy Air Journey

The purpose of giving the tipsTo help you to prevent air journey 2. ________.
Before your journeyPack up a bag in a minimum 3. ________.
Bring your own food to make sure that you get what you want to eat.
Take a magazine or a book in case of 4. ________bored.
When you 5. _______ the planePay much attention to the place of exit and count the 6. ________of the rows you have to pass from the exit.
Read the manual or instructions and make a plan for a 7. ________journey.
The way to buy tickets onlineAfter getting tickets online，you’d better ask airline to assign you a seat on the 8. ________.
The best 9. ________to avoid problems10. ________everything you want to take for your journey.
答案：1. Tips/Instructions　2. problems　3. size　4. feeling/getting　5. board　6. number　7. safe　8. phone　9. way/method　10. List



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