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2014屆高考英語選修10能力測評試題及答案
選修10
Units 1&2課后能力測評(一)
Ⅰ. 完形
下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。
字?jǐn)?shù)：358 完成時間：12分鐘 難度：★★
I am a team leader in an insurance company. We are going through a lot of changes right now which is __1__ much stress for all of us. A few weeks ago I was having a day so __2__ that I even doubted if I had the ability to do this challenging work, and was about ready to change to a less stressful job __3__. Something happened that day to change my way of __4__ and I am so appreciative of this young lady. I want to let her know that the small act __5__.
On the top of my cubicle(工作隔間)I have a small collection of lighthouses(燈塔)to let people know where I am sitting __6__ my team members have to find me for emergencies.
That day I came into the office and was about to get the day __7__ when Crystal came over. I asked if she needed anything. She said，“I __8__ you something. I looked at her ”with a __9__ look and said，“Well，thank you, but why __10__ you buy me anything？”I had never spoke to this young lady __11__. She said，“Every day I stand up and look across the __12__ and see your lighthouses. Then I feel I am not alone and I encourage myself that there are always __13__ things in life. I saw this on the way to work and thought __14__ would like it. I wish it would have the same __15__ as your lighthouses do. ”In her hand she had a small globe with a lighthouse and a ship on it. I gave her a hug and __16__ her. I don't think she knows how much that small act of __17__ changed my day：I remained __18__ the rest of the day.
For anyone that reads this，I hope you remember，no matter what the __19__ is，you could change someone's day, __20__ even his views on life.
1. A. preventing　B. reducing　C. causing　　D. suffering
2. A. funny B. nice C. bad D. dull
3. A. everywhere B. elsewhere C. anywhere D. nowhere
4. A. working B. behaving C. speaking D. thinking
5. A. broke my heart B. touched my heart
C. lost my heart D. tore my heart
6. A. in case B. so that C. as if D. even though
7. A. ended B. started C. changed D. avoided
8. A. borrowed B. lent C. sold D. bought
9. A. delighted B. puzzled C. thankful D. worried
10. A. might B. dare C. could D. would
11. A. before B. then C. since D. after
12. A. dorm B. office C. ship D. tower
13. A. bright B. challenging C. bad D. stressful
14. A. colleagues B. leaders C. you D. I
15. A. opinion B. cause C. expectation D. effect
16. A. praised B. thanked C. scolded D. refused
17. A. justice B. courage C. kindness D. tolerance
18. A. careful B. encouraged C. tired D. alone
19. A. present B. work C. gesture D. intention
20. A. so B. for C. or D. nor
Ⅱ. 理解
請認(rèn)真閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的四個選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。
A
字?jǐn)?shù)：276 完成時間：7分鐘 難度：★★
Britain's Buckingham Palace has opened its doors, giving tourists the chance to visit the inside of Queen Elizabeth Ⅱ's official residence(住所)．Each year when the Queen is on holiday in Scotland，thousands of visitors go to the palace in the heart of London to admire the impressive beauty of the State Rooms and the Royal Collection Exhibition.
This year，tourists get to see the largest-ever show of the Queen's evening dresses and personal jewellery.To mark her 80th birthday in April,80 dresses dating from the 1940s to the present day are on show，filling the Ball Supper Room with bright colours.
The brightly shining dresses，made for occasions such as banquets，state visits and family events，give_an_insight_into how the changing fashions have influenced on Queen Elizabeth's style through the years.They include a silver full-length dress decorated with sequins，beads，pearls and artificial diamonds.It was worn during the 1972 state visit to France.
Among the priceless jewellery on display are private gifts to the Queen from members of her family，and famous pieces such as the Cambridge Emerald Necklace, made for Queen Mary's coronation(加冕)in 1911.
Queen Elizabeth and members of the royal family are on a cruise around the Western Isles of Scotland before heading to Balmoral Castle，which was purchased by Queen Victoria and remains the royals' favourite British place for summer holidays.
1. The author writes the passage mainly to ________.
A. introduce the Royal Collection Exhibition
B. stress the importance of the famous palace
C. persuade you to visit the beautiful palace
D. tell you the story of the royal family
2. The tourists can see the following in Buckingham Palace this year EXCEPT ________.
A. the beauty of the State Rooms
B. the Royal Collection Exhibition
C. Queen Elizabeth Ⅱ
D. the Queen's evening dresses
3. The underlined part “give an insight into”in Paragraph 3 can be best replaced by “________”．
A. widen B. remove C. reflect D. weaken
4. What has a great effect on Queen Elizabeth Ⅱ's dressing style?
A. The changing popular styles.
B. The private gifts.
C. The visitors' different opinions.
D. State requirements.
5. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A. The Royal Collection Exhibition is held in winter.
B. The oldest dress on show was made over 60 years.
C. The jewellery was all bought to match the Queen's dresses.
D. People can visit the Queen's living room in summer.
B
(2010?濱州高三檢測)
字?jǐn)?shù)：316 完成時間：10分鐘 難度：★★
Gu Changwei was the first Chinese cinematographer to be nominated(提名)for an Oscar, and he is regarded by Zhang Yimou as the best cinematographer in China. Gu was behind the camera for many of Zhang Yimou's famous films including the one that rocketed Zhang to fame: “Red Sorghum(高粱)”. And now this master of the visual has taken on his first directing role with the film “Peacock”. So Gu Changwei has come out from behind the camera into the spotlight(聚光燈)．
Gu Changwei is very serious about his directing “Peacock”. To get the authentic atmosphere, Gu took his film crew to the city of Anyang in central China's Henan Province where the story took place, to shoot the film. He chose all new actors because he didn't want “stars” appeal to weaken the power of the story, and he also had his actors trained in the local dialect. For this film Gu has been able to get out from behind the camera to manage every aspect of the film, and to realize his own ideals in movie-making.
“Peacock” is about the life of an average family in a small town in Henan Province in the late 1970s and early 1980s. Gu chose this story for his first movie because he grew up during this same period and it struck a chord with him.
“Peacock” wrapped up production in June, 2004. It's aimed at the foreign film market and will be entered in February's Berlin Film Festival, and released in China at the same time. But at the end of last October, Gu took “Peacock” to his Alma Mater, the Beijing Film Academy, one of the most famous film colleges in China, to hold a preview. The film was warmly received by both teachers and students.
6. The underlined word “cinematographer” in the first paragraph refers to a person who ________.
A. has been nominated for an Oscar
B. uses a camera to shoot films
C. directs first-class films
D. arranges for cinema shows
7. Gu didn't employ “stars” in his film because ________.
A. the stars usually stick to their own acting styles
B. the stars may not be able to speak the local dialect
C. the stars may share the audience's attention with the story
D. it was not easy for him, a fresh hand, to invite stars to join him
8. Gu chose such a story for his first movie because ________.
A. he was born in the early 1970s
B. he grew up in Henan province
C. he was popular in Henan province
D. the story had something to do with his own experience
9. From the passage we can learn that “Peacock” ________.
A. is the film for which Gu is likely to win an Oscar prize
B. has already become popular both at home and abroad
C. has its production started last summer
D. will be publicly shown in spring, 2005
10. What would be the BEST title for the passage?
A. From behind the camera into the spotlight
B. Chinese cinematographer to be nominated for Oscar
C. New faces to appear in “Peacock”
D. “Peacock” to enter foreign film market
Ⅲ. 短文填詞 (福建省廈門市同安 2014學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期期中考試試題)
請認(rèn)真閱讀下面短文，并根據(jù)各題所給首字母的提示，在標(biāo)有題號的橫線上，寫出一個英語單詞的完整、正確形式，使對話通順。
字?jǐn)?shù)：233 完成時間：8分鐘 難度：★
L＝Ling Ming
J＝Jim
L: Hey, Jim. I'm glad to see you again.
J: Yeah. So am I.
L: Have you h__1__ about the Yushu earthquake?
J: Of course. I listen to the radio every day.
L: It's t__2__. I even cried for the unfortunate fate of the local people.
J: Yes, I feel that life is so weak in huge natural d__3__.
L: It's really strange that there are so many earthquakes these years. First in Wenchuan, then in Haiti and Chile, now here?Yushu.
J: Hmm, but why can't we p__4__ it and warn people before it happens? Why are there lots of earthquakes around the world recently?
L: I don't know, but I think that we have been i__5__ that for a long time. People today only care a__6__ the quality of life and consume all kinds of resources badly, and...You know the environment could break down...
J: Yes, we should pay more a__7__ to the earth and protect it.We must not d__8__ our environment any longer. What's more, it's high time we t__9__ measures to prevent any form of pollution.
L: I couldn't agree more. In my opinion, it's not just one or two persons' responsibility, everyone ought to make his or her c__10__ for the earth.
1. ________　2. ________　3. ________　4. ________
5. ________　6. ________　7. ________　8. ________
9. ________　10. ________
答案
Ⅰ.1. 解析：選C。根據(jù)文章第二段第一句可推知，應(yīng)是給公司里的人造成很多壓力。
2. 解析：選C。根據(jù)“I even doubted if I had the ability to take this challenging work”，可知作者覺得這項(xiàng)工作壓力太大，因此這里應(yīng)選“糟糕的”。
3. 解析：選B。由文意可知，此處表達(dá)：這里的工作壓力太大，所以作者想在別處找一個輕松些的工作。
4. 解析：選D。聯(lián)系上下文可知，這位“年輕的女士”的行為是對作者的鼓勵，因而也改變了作者之前的想法和認(rèn)識。
5. 解析：選B。根據(jù)上文“I am so appreciative of this young lady”可知，應(yīng)選B。
6. 解析：選A。第一段提到作者是team leader，因此他在工作隔間頂上放上燈塔，以方便隊員有急事找他。
7. 解析：選B。根據(jù)“I came into the office”及段末的“the rest of the day”，可知作者是“開始”一天的工作。
8. 解析：選D。根據(jù)下文的“...buy me anything”可知，應(yīng)選D。
9. 解析：選B。由文意可知，作者不清楚Crystal為什么突然送自己禮物，因此感到很“迷惑”。
10. 解析：選D。would在此表示意愿。
11. 解析：選A。由文意可知，作者在這之前從未跟Crystal說過話。
12. 解析：選B。根據(jù)該段第一句“That day I came in to the office”可知，應(yīng)選B。
13. 解析：選A。根據(jù)上文的“see your lighthouses”可知，燈柱讓這個女士看到了光明。
14. 解析：選C。根據(jù)上下文可知，這位女士買這個禮物是為了送給作者。
15. 解析：選D。作者的燈塔給了這位女士鼓勵，她希望她的禮物也可以對作者產(chǎn)生相同的效果。
6. 解析:選B。詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第一段兩次提到behind the camera可推知B項(xiàng)正確。
7. 解析:選C。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的第三句“He chose all new actors because he
didn’t want ‘stars’ appeal to weaken the power of the story...”可知，正確答案為C。
8. 解析:選D。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第三段最后一句“Gu chose this story for his first movie because he grew up during this same period and it struck a chord with him”可知，該故事與他的經(jīng)歷產(chǎn)生了共鳴。
9. 解析:選D。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后-段第一、二句可知，D項(xiàng)正確。
10. 解析:選A。主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，本文講述了著名攝影師顧長衛(wèi)由攝影轉(zhuǎn)向?qū)а莸墓适�，并且介紹了他導(dǎo)演的第一部作品《孔雀》，故選A。
Ⅲ.1.heard 2.terrible 3.disasters 4.predict 5.ignoring
6.about 7.attention 8.damage/destroy 9.took 10.contribution
選修10
Units 3&5課后能力測評(二)
Ⅰ. 完形
閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個選項(xiàng)(A、B、C、D)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。
字?jǐn)?shù)：291 完成時間：15分鐘 難度：★★
As we all know “The hand that rocks the cradle rules the world” and “__1__ every successful man there is a woman.” Both these __2__ mean the same things. Men rule the __3__ but their wives rule them.
Chinese people and other foreigners often say，__4__ of the American women like making their husbands and sons successful, but some of them want __5__ for themselves. They want good __6__. When they work they want to __7__ better paid. They want to be as __8__ as men.
In 1960s, the American women's liberation __9__ was started by women who don't want to __10__ behind successful men. They want to stand beside them, with the same __11__ for success. They don't want to be told that certain jobs or __12__ are closed to them. They refused to work side by side with men who do the __13__ work for higher pay.
In America, a liberation woman must be __14__ of being a woman and have confidence in herself. If somebody says to her, “You have come a long __15__， baby”， she will __16__ and answer, “Not nearly as __17__ as I am going to go, baby ”．
On the other hand, this movement is quite __18__， and many American women do not agree. __19__ it has already made some important __20__ in women's lives.
1. A. Before B. Behind C. Near D. Beside
2. A. writings B. words C. letters D. sayings
3. A. family B. society C. earth D. world
4. A. most B. Few C. All D. None
5. A. anything B. something C. nothing D. everything
6. A. jobs B. clothes C. food D. houses
7. A. be B. have C. make D. receive
8. A. good B. wonderful C. successful D. much
9. A. activity B. movement C. affairs D. incident
10. A stand B. co-operate C. work D. help
11. A. work B. job C. position D. chance
12. A. offices B. schools C. shops D. places
13. A. better B. same C. less D. important
14. A. tired B. afraid C. fond D. proud
15. A. place B. walk C. way D. journey
16. A. cry B. smile C. laugh D. sob
17. A. long B. far C. soon D. much
18. A. new B. good C. important D. pleasing
19. A. So B. And C. But D. Or
20. A. progress B. improvement C. decisions D. changes
Ⅱ.閱讀理解
閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的四個選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。
A
字?jǐn)?shù)：358 完成時間：10分鐘 難度：★★
The amount of water in the world is finite(有限的). The number of people is growing fast and water use is growing even faster. Global water consumption rose six times between 1900 and 1995?more than double the rate of population growth.
As important as quantity is quality?with pollution increasing in some areas，the amount of useable water declines.
And the wider effects of water shortages are just as frightening as the prospect of having too little to drink.
Seventy percent of the water used worldwide is used for agriculture. Much more will be needed if we are to feed the world's growing population. And consumption will rise further as more people expect Western-style lifestyles and diets?one kilogram of grain-fed beef needs at least 15 cubic metres of water，while a kilo of cereals(谷物)needs only up to three cubic metres.
New technology can help，however，especially by cleaning up pollution and so making more water useable，and in agriculture，where water use can be made far more efficient.Drought－resistant(抗旱的)plants can also help.
The optimists say“virtual water”may save the day?the water contained in crops which could be exported from water-rich countries to dry ones. But the amounts involved would be huge，and the energy needed to transport the water would be enormous(巨大的).
In any case，it is not just us who need water，but every other species that shares the planet with us. We have to rethink how much water we really need if we are to learn how to share the earth's supply. While dams and other large-scale schemes play a big role worldwide，there is also a growing recognition of the value of using the water we already have more efficiently rather than harvesting ever more from our rivers. For millions of people around the world，getting it right is a matter of life and death.
1. Which of the following statements on water consumption is NOT true.
A. Agriculture consumes more than haft of the water used in the world.
B. The growing population worsens the water shortage situation.
C. Lifestyles play an important role in water consumption.
D. The Western way of agriculture uses more water than the Asian way.
2. “Virtual water” refers to“the water that ________”.
A. is hidden in crops
B. is saved in agriculture
C. can be transported
D. can be reused with the aid of the Internet
3. In the last paragraph，the author mainly ________.
A. criticizes big projects such as dams
B. criticizes the use of river water
C. calls for the protection of other species
D. calls for the more efficient use of water
4. What's the main idea of the text?
A. Water is mainly wasted in agriculture.
B. Water pollution is threatening our health.
C. Shortage of water is a very serious problem.
D. Population growing influences water use.
B
(2010?上海高三檢測)
字?jǐn)?shù)：381 完成時間：15分鐘 難度：★★
In some countries where racial prejudice is acute, violence has so come to be taken for granted as a means of solving differences that it is not even questioned. There are countries where the white man imposes his rule by brute force; there are countries where the black man protests by setting fire to cities. Important people on both sides, who would in other respects appear to be reasonable men, get up and calmly argue in favor of violence?as if it were a legitimate solution, like any other. What is really frightening, what really fills you with despair, is the realization that when it comes to the crunch(關(guān)鍵時刻), we have made no actual progress at all. We may wear collars and ties instead of war-paint, but our instincts remain basically unchanged. The whole of the recorded history of the human race, that tedious documentation of violence, has taught us absolutely nothing. We have still not learned that violence never solves a problem but makes it even acute. The sheer horror, the bloodshed(流血), the suffering mean nothing. No solution ever comes to light the morning after when we dismally contemplate the smoking ruins and wonder what hit us.
The truly reasonable men who know where the solutions lie are finding it harder and harder to get a hearing. They are despised, mistrusted and even persecuted by their own kind because they advocate such apparently outrageous things as law enforcement(執(zhí)行). If half the energy that goes into violent acts were put to good use, if our efforts were directed at cleaning up the slums and ghettos, at improving living-standards and providing education and employment for all, we would have gone a long way to arriving at a solution. Our strength is sapped by having to mop up the mess that violence leaves in its wake. In a well-directed effort, it would not be impossible to fulfill the ideals of a stable social programme. The benefits that can be derived from constructive solutions are everywhere apparent in the world around us. Genuine and lasting solutions are always possible, providing we work within the framework of the law.
5. Recorded history has taught us ________.
A. violence never solves anything
B. nothing
C. the bloodshed means nothing
D. everything
6. It can be inferred that truly reasonable men ________.
A. can't get a hearing
B. are looked down upon
C. are persecuted
D. have difficulty in advocating law enforcement
7. According to the passage, the best way to solve race prejudice is ________.
A. law enforcement B. knowledge
C. nonviolence D. mopping up the violent mess
8. What is the author's attitude towards the violence?
A. Critical. B. Supportive.
C. Neutral. D. Sympathetic.
9. What is the BEST title for this passage?
A. Advocating Violence
B. Violence Can Do Nothing to Diminish Race Prejudice
C. Violence as a Legitimate Solution
D. Violence: The Instinct of Human Race
Ⅲ. 短文填詞 ( 福建“漳平一中、龍海二中、泉港一中”六校聯(lián)考
2014 年高三第二次月考)
閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)以下要求：1)漢語提示；2)首字母提示；3)語境提示，在每個空格內(nèi)填入一個英語單詞，并將該詞完整地寫在右邊相對應(yīng)的橫線上。所填單詞要求意義準(zhǔn)確、拼寫正確。
字?jǐn)?shù)：170 完成時間：8分鐘 難度：★
Some people take it for granted that some lucky
numbers can bring them good luck. For instance，the
so-called lucky numbers w__1__(廣泛地) like 6 or 8 1. ________
are used because they have the similar pronunciation
__2__ the Chinese characters which mean “good luck”. 2. ________
So some young couples choose a date in __3__ there 3. ________
is a 6 or an 8 to h__4__ their wedding; many shops 4. ________
choose such dates to __5__(慶祝)their opening. 5. ________
Yet many others don't think so. They think that
numbers have __6__ to do with luck. They regard 6. ________
numbers simply as a mathematic symbol for counting.
W__7__ our own contribution，good luck won't fall 7. ________
on us automatically. I'm in f__8__ of the latter 8. ________
opinion. I think our society is very modern now.
Whether we can have good luck d__9__ on 9. ________
__10__(我們自己). If we work hard, good luck 10. ________
will come to us.
答案
Ⅰ. 1. 解析：選B。此句是中國名言：“每個事業(yè)成功的男人身后都有一個女人幫助或支持”。
2. 解析：選D。sayings 意為“俗語、諺語”，指上面提到的。
3. 解析：選D。由上文“rule the world”可知答案。句意為：男人統(tǒng)治整個世界，女人統(tǒng)治整個世界的男人。
4. 解析：選A。由前面一句話可知答案，most大多數(shù)。
5. 解析：選B�？疾榇�詞辨析。由語境及后面的want 得出，她們想要……。
6. 解析：選A。根據(jù)下句，when they work 可知答案。
7. 解析：選A。句意為：她們想要高的報酬，是被動語態(tài)。
8. 解析：選C。句意為：她們想和世界其他男人一樣做事成功。
9. 解析：選B。由文意可知，此處為“美國早期婦女解放運(yùn)動”，activity活動;movement運(yùn)動；affair 事件，事情；incident事件。
10. 解析：選A。stand behind站在后面，符合語境。
11. 解析：選D。句意為：有同等的獲得成功的機(jī)會。
4. 解析：選C。主旨大意題。本文主要介紹了水缺乏的問題以及人們利用水的情況，提出人類應(yīng)該好好節(jié)約用水，所以C項(xiàng)符合。
5. 解析:選B。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段倒數(shù)第四句“...that tedious documentation of violence, has taught us absolutely nothing”可知記錄文件資料對我們什么益處也沒有。
6. 解析:選D。推理。根據(jù)第二段前兩句不難推測出：真正明事理的人推行所倡導(dǎo)的合法政策時困難重重。
7. 解析:選A。推理。根據(jù)第二段最后一句“Genuine and lasting solutions are always possible, providing we work within the framework of the law.”可推測出作者認(rèn)為解決種族歧視問題的真正辦法就在于法律的實(shí)施。
8. 解析:選A。推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段第四句可知，到最后通過暴力沒有解決任何問題，所以可推斷出作者對用暴力解決種族爭端是持批評態(tài)度的，而非B、C、D所表達(dá)的“支持的”、“中立的”、“同情的”。
9. 解析:選B。主旨大意題。本文主要論述了暴力不能解決種族歧視等問題而最終解決辦法必須在遵守法律的前提下解決。其余三項(xiàng)觀點(diǎn)本身都與文章內(nèi)容相反的。
Ⅲ.1. widely 2. to 3. which 4. hold 5. celebrate
6. nothing 7. Without 8. favour 9.depends 10. ourselves


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