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Reference for Teaching?
Ⅰ.異域風(fēng)情?
A Discussion with Bill Gates?
Mr Bill Gates,do you still write the code?How many hours do you spend on coding every day or each week?Or when was the last time you wrote any code??
I still love to write code.You know I,in the early days of Microsoft,I reviewed everyone’s code.And it was kind of fun when I knew all the lines of code.But,of course,we’ve gone far beyond that.Most of the code I write is actually just so I can learn.I’m writing some web service programs,so I can see how hard it is to do that.I’m really trying to think now how we make it so people don’t have to write so many lines of code.Sometimes when I meet with product groups,and they say something is going to be very hard to do,I say to them,“Oh,I could come in this weekend and do that.”But I’m afraid they...maybe they don’t really believe me anymore,because it’s...it’s been a long time since I’ve done that,I have to admit.?
Mr Bill Gates,I was told people in Microsoft work very,very,very hard.So how many hours did you work??
Well,I think,you know,hard work is a really great thing.And the fact that people love their jobs,they’re very committed to their jobs,they... they believe in the vision of what we can help create.We...we are very strong on that.We also think that people should work in a way that would be sustainable.You know,we want people to have a long career.We want them to have a good balance in terms of family activities and their work.In my case,I...I generally work about,oh,60 hours a week.And so I can still be very intense I take two weeks a year where I just go off and do nothing but...other than read and sleep a little bit and think about the future of software.And that’s so I can catch up with the very rapid developments that are taking place.?
Bill,what is your dream computer??
Well,I,you know,I’m personally someone who loves the...the Tablet Computer.The idea of being able to go into meetings and have my notes in ink and to be able to send off messages right while I’m in that meeting,navigate the information,annotate the presentations.You know,I...I think we...we should have every student have a Tablet PC.You know,the tablet has a microphone so it can record what’s said.And eventually that’ll be connected up to the speech recognition.Of course,it’ll be connected up to that wireless network.And so for part of the time I’ll use the Tablet.Then when I go to my desk,today I have three 22-inch LCDs.So I have a big visual area,and I can have my schedule,my e-mails,my browsing,and just really take full advantage of my field of view.In fact,we’re inventing new techniques for window management and document layout because what I have today,although it’s expensive,eventually that kind of screen technology should be available to everyone.And...and so what I have when I walk around,what I have on my desk are slightly different.And the software should make it automatic that those work well together.?
I’m a developer in a local software company.And we...we are always compared with our Indian counterparts,and both countries have a lot of things in common:a very big market,a deep talent pool,greater potential.But it seems to me India is being so much better than China.I’m very frustrated.Now why is that?Can you tell us??
Well,I think it’s very impressive that with all the incredible things going on in China,China’s always looking at is there anyone doing it,something better.Is there anything we need to learn,you know.What has the US done about innovation and intellectual property?What has India done about outsourcing,even if it take five years,ten years.You know,China’s gonna make the investment to be world class.I had a...a meeting with the...the...the ministers involved in...in education.And they were,you know,saying,“Are we doing the right things?”And I...I certainly think the strategy’s in place.English skills are very important,and the quality of the software training.And this is something where Miscrosoft is partnering now with the universities,you know,trying to make sure the curriculum is really strong,up to date,and...and turns out lots of people.India had the advantage of having the...the history of some English speaking,and they had the Indian Insititute of Technology.And I think it’s great.There are...there are things to learn from India.There are things to learn from the United States.Don’t lose sight of the fact,though,that China is...is amazing in terms of its leadership in so many areas.And...and that the fact that China’s such a powerhouse in manufacturing and other areas means that you will developing software skills and using those and then able to take that expertise and...and engage in..in software export.?
Ⅱ.知識(shí)歸納?
1.現(xiàn)在分詞、過去分詞短語用作狀語用法歸納?
現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語，主句的主語是分詞動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者，它可以表示原因、時(shí)間、條件、方式和伴隨等；而過去分詞作狀語，主句的主語是分詞所表示動(dòng)作的承受者。用作狀語的分詞一般可換成狀語從句。?
（1）原因狀語?
Being too old,he couldn’t walk that far.?
因?yàn)槟挲g太大了，所以他走不了那么遠(yuǎn)。?
替換：Because he was too old,he couldn’t walk that far.?
（2）時(shí)間狀語?
Working in the factory,we learned a lot from the workers.?
當(dāng)我們?cè)诠�廠工作時(shí)，我們從工人們身上學(xué)到了許多東西。?
替換：When we worked in the factory,we learned a lot from the worker.?
(3)條件狀語?
Standing on the building,you can see the whole city.?
假如你站在這個(gè)樓頂，你就會(huì)看到整個(gè)城市。?
替換：If you stand on the building,you can see the whole city.?
（4）結(jié)果狀語?
Many trees had been blown down by the high winds,blocking roads,paths and railway lines.?
許多樹被狂風(fēng)刮倒，把大小道路、鐵路線阻塞了。?
替換：Many trees had been blown down by the high winds and blocked roads,paths and railway lines.?
（5）伴隨狀語?
One woman was lying in bed,listening to the rushing winds.?
一個(gè)女人躺在床上，靜聽著疾馳而過的大風(fēng)。?
替換：One woman was lying in bed,and she was listening to the rushing winds.?
（6）方式狀語?
Children usually count the numbers using their fingers.?
孩子們通常用他們的手指頭數(shù)數(shù)字。?
替換：Children usually count the numbers by using their fingers.?
（7）原因狀語（過去分詞）?
Helped by my friends,I smoothed away all the difficulties.?
由于得到朋友們的幫助，我順利地渡過了所有難關(guān)。?
替換：As I was helped by my friends,I smoothed away all the difficulties.?
（8）條件狀語（過去分詞）?
Given enough time we can improve our work.?
如果給我們足夠的時(shí)間的話，我們會(huì)改進(jìn)我們的工作的。?
替換：If we are given enough time,we can improve our work.?
（9）伴隨狀語（過去分詞）?
The professor came into the classroom,followed by his assistants.?
教授進(jìn)了教室，后面緊跟著他的助手。?
替換：The professor came into the classroom and was followed by his assistants.?
注意：A.分詞短語用作狀語時(shí)，其邏輯主語必須與句子的主語保持一致。?
誤：Seen from the space,I find the earth blue.?
正:Seen from the space,the earth looks blue.?
正:Seeing from the space,I find the earth blue.?
B.表示時(shí)間關(guān)系的分詞短語可由while,when引出。?
While reading the book,he nodded from time to time.?
Be careful when riding a bike in the street.?
C.當(dāng)分詞的邏輯主語與主句的主語不同時(shí)，可使用獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。?
Weather permitting,we’ll go out for a walk.?
2.require的用法歸納?
（1）在require sb.to do和require sth.of sb.中，require意為“要求，（作為權(quán)利或依據(jù)權(quán)利）堅(jiān)持”，主語為人。?
①require sb.to do的意思是“要求某人做（某事）”，可用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)，其結(jié)構(gòu)為be required to do。有時(shí)用It is/was required that-clause。?
It is requried that you arrive at 8 a.m./You are required to arrive at 8 a.m.?
你必須上午8時(shí)到達(dá)。?
②require sth.of sb.意為“向某人要求（得到）某物”。?
What do you requrie of her??
你對(duì)她有何要求？?
（2）在require to be done和required doing中，require的意思是“需要”。此時(shí)兩種結(jié)構(gòu)表示的意思相同，意為“（某事）需要做一下”，主語為事物。?
The garden requires to be cleaned.?
The garden requires cleaning.?
花園需要清理了。?
注意：類似require doing和require to be done這種用法的詞還有want和need。?
Ⅲ.詞語辨析?
1.make use of,make the most of,make the best of?
這三個(gè)動(dòng)詞詞組均與“利用”有關(guān)，但含義并不完全相同。?
(1)make use of是普通意義上的“利用”，通�？稍趗se前加定語表示如何利用。?
We must make full use of the fine weather.?
我們應(yīng)該充分利用這好天氣。?
(2)make the most of的意思是“盡量利用，使……發(fā)揮最大效能”。?
You should make the most of your time.?
你們應(yīng)該盡量利用你們的時(shí)間。?
（3）make the best of的意思也是“盡量利用，充分利用”，但它側(cè)重于在不利的條件下盡量利用某東西，使之發(fā)揮最大效能。?
We must learn to make the best of a bad job.?
我們要學(xué)著在不利的情況下盡量少受損失。?
2.base,basis,foundation?
(1)base指有形的基礎(chǔ)。basis指無形的基礎(chǔ)。?
The base of the statue is made of stones.?
這座雕像的底座是由石頭砌成的。?
We must unite on the basis of Marxism-Leninism.?
我們要在馬列主義的基礎(chǔ)上團(tuán)結(jié)起來。?
說明：base也可用于隱喻，這時(shí)它和basis是同義詞。?
（2）foundation表示某物所依據(jù)的基礎(chǔ)。?
the foundation of a building?
一座建筑物的地基?
3.cause,reason?
(1)cause指“（某事的）起因”，而reason是說明一種看法和行為的“理由”。兩者均可用作可數(shù)名詞。?
Give me your reasons for refusing.?
告訴我你拒絕的理由。?
The cause of the accident was carelessness.?
事故的原因是不小心。?
（2）cause有時(shí)也可表示“理由”，但此時(shí)用作不可數(shù)名詞。?
Don’t stay away without good cause.?
沒有充分的理由，就得回家。?
4.responsible for,responsible to,responsible to...for?
responsible為形容詞，這三個(gè)詞組均表示“對(duì)……負(fù)責(zé)”，在句中可作表語或賓語補(bǔ)足語。?
(1)responsible for意為“對(duì)（某事）負(fù)責(zé)”，后跟表示事物的名詞（代詞）或動(dòng)詞-ing形式作賓語�？杀硎緦�(duì)已發(fā)生的具有不良影響的事有不可推卸的責(zé)任，即“某人或事是……的根源或原因”；也可表示某人在道義上對(duì)他人有某種義務(wù)；還可以表示對(duì)要去做的事情有決定如何做的權(quán)利并對(duì)其后果負(fù)責(zé)。?
Who is responsible for breaking the glass??
是誰把杯子打破了？?
(2)responsible to意為“對(duì)（某人）負(fù)責(zé)”，后跟表示人的名詞或代詞作賓語，表示某人在道義上對(duì)他人有某種義務(wù)。?
You are responsible to the manager.?
你要對(duì)經(jīng)理負(fù)責(zé)。?
(3)responsible to...for是上述兩個(gè)短語的綜合，意為“在（某事上）對(duì)（某人）負(fù)責(zé)”。?
You should be responsible to me for my safety.?
你要對(duì)我的安全負(fù)責(zé)。?
Ⅳ.能力訓(xùn)練?
1.用動(dòng)詞-ing形式把每組兩個(gè)句子連成一句?
(1)Thousands of young people come to the city.?
They come to look for jobs.?
答案：Thousands of young people come to the city,looking for jobs.?
(2)I felt tired.?
I went to bed.?
答案：Feeling tired,I went to bed.?
(3)He looked out of his office window.?
He found that his car was not where he had parked it.?
答案：Looking out of his office window,he found that his car was not where he had parked it.?
(4)The children were scared by the story.?
They began to cry.?
答案：Being scared by the story,the children began to cry.?
(5)The boy didn’t know what to do.?
He sat down.?
答案：Not knowing what to do,the boy sat down.?
(6)They thought that they were lost.?
They began to call their friends.?
答案：Thinking that they were lost,they began to call their friends.?
2.書面表達(dá)?
以“All for Money”為題，根據(jù)下面四幅圖，敘述一下你的一段經(jīng)歷，最后寫一下你自己的感受。?

參考答案：
All for Money?
One day,I was going to visit Shenyang by train.After I got on the train,I put tea into my mug and waited for the attendant to pour water.Then from the loudspeaker came the announcer’s voice：“Attention,please.We are sorry to tell you that no hot water is supplied in our train.”Most passengers were surprised at this.We were eager to have a drink,but what should we do??

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