M 第三章 資料匯編 第一板塊 安徽省中考英語詞匯表 A 1. a (an) (art) 一（個(gè)，件…） There is an eraser in the box. What a shame! = What a pity!真遺憾！ A knife and fork一副刀叉 (用于價(jià)格，數(shù)量，比率等) He was driving at 50 miles an hour. 當(dāng)時(shí)他正以每小時(shí)50英里速度駕車。 （用于一星期中某天的名稱前，表示具體某一天） She died on a Tuesday. 她是在一個(gè)星期二去世的。 【經(jīng)典試題】 A spaceship flies at about eleven kilometers _______ second. A. / B. the C. a D. an How beautifully she sings! I have never heard _______ voice. A. the best B. a best C. the betterD. a better 2. ability (n) 能力; 才能; He is a man of great ability. 他是位能力很強(qiáng)的人。 She has no ability in that kind of work. The ability to use a language can be achieved by the act of using the language. Almost everyone has some musical ability. 幾乎人人都有一定的音樂才能。 （ability后可接介詞in或for引導(dǎo)的短語表示“有某方面的能力”，也可接動(dòng)詞不定式做定語，但不接“of + v-ing”） 3. able (a.) 有能力的，能夠 I am afraid I won’t be able to visit you on Saturday. 恐怕我無法在星期六來拜訪您了。 I didn’t feel able to disagree with him. 我覺得無法不同意他的意見。 The ablest student in the class.班上最有才華的人。 He is an able lawyer. 他是一位能干的律師。 * unable (a.) 不能的，不能勝任的 4. about （prep, ad.）關(guān)于，在各處；大約，到處 My mother often spoke to me about you.家母常和我談起你。 She sat up and looked about her. 她坐了起來,環(huán)顧四周。 It happened about 5 o'clock in the morning. 這事發(fā)生在早晨約莫五點(diǎn)鐘的時(shí)候。 She likes to walk about. 她喜愛四處走走。 John is about the same age as Tom. 5. above (prep) 在...上面 在...之上, 超過 Water came above our knees.水淹過我們的膝蓋 We cannot accept children above the age of 10. 我們不能接受10歲以上的兒童。 【詞語辨析】 Above與最低限度和固定點(diǎn)相連，如： 2000 feet above sea level海拔2000英尺。 Temperatures will not rise above zero tonight. 而over與數(shù)目，數(shù)量，年齡，金錢和時(shí)間相連，如： He’s over 50。他已年過半百。 It cost over $100.這個(gè)值100美元。 We waited over 2 hours. 6. abroad (a. ad.)在國外;到國外 My son is still living abroad. He was famous both at home and abroad. (abroad前不可用in或to，但可用from表示“從國外”) 7. absent (a.)缺席的,不在場(chǎng)的[(+from)] To be absent from work / school / a meeting 缺勤，缺課，未出席會(huì)議。 Three members of the class were absent this morning. 今天早晨該班有三人缺席。 Today David is absent from school because he is ill. 今天大衛(wèi)因?yàn)樯]上學(xué)。 【注意區(qū)別】 He was absent from London.他不在倫敦。 He was absent in London. 他不在這里，而在倫敦。 ?absence （n）不在， 缺席 ?according to按照，根據(jù) 8. accent (n) 口音,腔調(diào)[ Judging by her accent, she must be a Southerner. 從她的口音判斷,她準(zhǔn)是南方人。 9. accept (v)接受,領(lǐng)受;答應(yīng),同意(區(qū)別于receive) He has accepted our invitation. 他已經(jīng)接受了我們的邀請(qǐng)。 It was raining heavily so I accepted his offer of a lift. 天正在下雨，所以我領(lǐng)了他的情，搭了他的便車。 She’s decided not to accept the job.她決定不接受這項(xiàng)工作。 10. accident (n)事故;災(zāi)禍 avoid an accident 避免事故 cause an accident.導(dǎo)致事故 to have an accident出事故 A terrible accident has happened. by accident = by chance偶然地 11. ache (n)痛，疼痛 There were aches in his joints. 他關(guān)節(jié)疼痛。 She felt an ache in her bank.她感覺背痛。 【復(fù)合詞】toothache, stomachache, heartache 12. achieve (v)完成,實(shí)現(xiàn)，達(dá)到,贏得 You will never achieve anything if you spend your time that way. 你若總是這樣消磨時(shí)間,就永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)有所成就。 achieve peace實(shí)現(xiàn)和平 achieve progress獲得進(jìn)步 (表示“取得成就，達(dá)成目標(biāo)，目的”時(shí)用achieve; 表示“達(dá)成協(xié)議，決議，合同，得出結(jié)論”時(shí)用reach或arrive at) 13. across (prep)橫越,穿過（區(qū)別于through） We walked across the street. 我們穿過馬路。 There’s a hotel across the road.路另一邊有一家旅館。 14. act（n, v）法令, 條例；表演, 扮演, 行動(dòng) The time for thinking is past. We must now act. 思考的時(shí)間過去了，我們必須行動(dòng)。 He acted Othello at the Royal Theater that evening. 那天晚上他在皇家劇院扮演奧賽羅。 The medicine acts well. = The medicine works well. 這藥有效。 The actress acts very well. 這演員戲演得好。 John acted as chairman in his absence. 他不在時(shí),約翰充當(dāng)主席。 (act后接as短語，作“擔(dān)任”解時(shí)，其后表示職務(wù)或職業(yè)的名詞前通常不用冠詞) 15. action (n) 行動(dòng);行為;活動(dòng) He took strong action.他采取了強(qiáng)硬措施。 He was sorry for his actions.他為自己的行為感到懊悔。 (take action采取行動(dòng)，中間不加冠詞) 16. active (a.)積極的，主動(dòng)的 She is an active supporter of women’s rights. 她是爭(zhēng)取婦女權(quán)利的積極支持者。 The sentence is in the active voice.本句子用的是主動(dòng)語態(tài)。 Mrs. Brown is over 80 and not very active now. 布朗太太已八十多歲,現(xiàn)在不大活動(dòng)了。 17. activity (n) 活動(dòng)(outdoor activities戶外活動(dòng)/ classrom activities課堂活動(dòng)) I take an active part in all kinds of activities including tennis, swimming and running. 我積極參加諸如網(wǎng)球游泳跑步等各種各樣的活動(dòng)。 18. add (v)添加;增加，加 The fire is going out. Will you add some wood? 火快熄了,請(qǐng)你加些木柴好嗎? Add 5 to 3 and you have 8. 3加5等于8. If the tea is too strong, add some more water. 如果茶太濃，加些水吧。 增加[(+to)] The snowstorm added to our difficulties. 暴風(fēng)雪增加了我們的困難。 * addition (n) 增加，加 19. address（n）住址,地址 What’s your home address? 補(bǔ)充詞義：演說,致詞 The headmaster gave an address to the school before the prizes were given away.在發(fā)獎(jiǎng)之前校長(zhǎng)向全校發(fā)表了講話 20. advantage (n)優(yōu)點(diǎn)，優(yōu)勢(shì)，好處， What’s the advantage of using wind power? 使用風(fēng)能有何好處？ Living in a big city has many advantages?good schools, libraries, theaters and concerts. 住在大城市有許多便利，如好學(xué)校，圖書館，劇院和音樂會(huì)。 We took full advantage of all the seats in the hall..我們充分利用了禮堂里的所有座位。 21. advertisement (n)廣告 Advertisement helps to sell goods.廣告有助于推銷商品。 “AD” is the short form of advertisement.AD是廣告的縮寫形式 * advertise(v) 為…做廣告 22. advise (v)勸告，建議 We advised her that she (should) wait. 我們勸她等 He advised me to work harder.他勸告我要更勤奮工作。 It’s easy for you to advise, but difficult to take advice from others.勸告別人容易，接受勸告就難了。 advise against…勸…不要 I advised against their doing it.我勸他們不要做這件事。 (常與of短語連用) I will advise you of my future plan. 我將告訴你我的未來計(jì)劃。 派生詞：advisable適當(dāng)?shù)�，合理的，明智的�?br>23. advice (n) 勸告,忠告[U] I want your advice, sir. I don’t know what to do. 先生,我需要您的指點(diǎn)。我不知該怎么辦才好。 You should follow (take ) his advice.你必須遵守他的忠告。 24. afford （v）負(fù)擔(dān)得起(費(fèi)用)，抽得出(時(shí)間),，提供 (常與can,could,be able to連用)買得起;有足夠的...(去做...)[+to-v] They did not consider whether they could afford the time or not. 他們沒有考慮是否抽得出時(shí)間。 We can’t afford to pay such a price. I cannot afford a car.我沒有充足的錢買汽車。 None of them could afford $50 for a ticket. 他們當(dāng)中沒有哪個(gè)拿得出50美元買一張票。 25. afraid (a.)害怕的，擔(dān)心 She was afraid that she might lose her job. 她擔(dān)心會(huì)丟掉工作。 It seems that she is afraid to tell them about it. 似乎她怕將此事告訴他們。 Don’t be afraid of snakes. (用于提出異議,告訴不好的消息等場(chǎng)合,使語氣婉轉(zhuǎn))恐怕,遺憾[+(that)] I’m afraid your wife had an accident.很遺憾,你妻子出事了 I’m afraid I can’t help you. 對(duì)不起,我不能幫你。 The mother is very much afraid for her son who is seriously ill. 母親很擔(dān)心自己的兒子，他病得很重。 be afraid of + 令人害怕或具有危險(xiǎn)地事物。 be afraid for “替..擔(dān)心”+ 令人擔(dān)心或出于危險(xiǎn)之中的事物 26. after (ad, prep, conj)之后，后來；在…以后 They arrived soon after. 不久以后他們抵達(dá)了 Tom went on Monday, and Mary left the day after. 湯姆星期一走的,瑪麗第二天就離開了。 After graduation he went abroad. 畢業(yè)后他去了國外。 What are you after?你在求去什么？ She was named Jane after her aunt. 她被仿照她姑媽的名字命名為Jane。 I will tell you after they leave. 他們走后我再告訴你。 Shut the door after you.隨手關(guān)門 He’s the tallest, after Richard.除了理查德，他最高。 After you! = Please go first!請(qǐng)先走！ 27. afternoon（n） I always have a rest in the afternoon.我下午總要休息一會(huì)。 （afternoon與this, that, yesterday, tomorrow, every等限定詞連用時(shí)，其前不用介詞） 28. again (ad.)再，再次，又，重新 He sang the song again.他把這支歌又唱了一遍。 They came back to school again. 他們重返學(xué)校了。 again and again 再三地，反復(fù)不斷地 29. against （prep）反對(duì);違反; 逆;對(duì)著；倚;靠 the fight against the A flu 抗甲流斗爭(zhēng) We’re playing against Hongxing Middle School next week. 下周我們要和紅星中學(xué)比賽。 Against the house there stands a tree. 一棵樹對(duì)著這房子立著。 This is against the law.這是違法的。 Put the piano there, against the wall. 30. age (n)年齡， 時(shí)代，(人生的)某一時(shí)期 the age of the computer計(jì)算機(jī)時(shí)代 What’s the age of that old building? I used to play tennis there when I was your age. Children over the age of 12 are not allowed to enter the hall. 12歲以上的孩子不準(zhǔn)進(jìn)入大廳。 He left school at the age of 18. Young people of all ages go there to meet. You look younger for your age. 31. ago (ad.)以前 she died two years ago.她死在兩年以前. 比較：He had written a novel two years before. He wrote a novel two years ago. (ago指從現(xiàn)在算起若干時(shí)間以前，動(dòng)詞用過去式；before指從過去算起的某個(gè)時(shí)間以前，動(dòng)詞用過去完成時(shí)) 32. agree (v)同意，贊同 I can not agree with you on this point. 對(duì)于這一點(diǎn)，我不能與你意見相同。 He agreed to show me around the factory. 他答應(yīng)帶我逛逛這家工廠。 33. agreement (n)同意,一致; 協(xié)定,協(xié)議 My parents are in agreement on what color to paint the house. 我父母親對(duì)于用什么顏色漆房子意見一致。 The three sides reached an agreement to stop the war. 三方達(dá)成協(xié)議停止戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)。 34. air(n) 空氣;大氣，天空 Better let in some fresh air.最好放些新鮮空氣進(jìn)來。 The air was full of butterflies. 天空中飛舞著許許多多蝴蝶。 35. airline (n)(飛機(jī)的)航線 航空公司 航空系統(tǒng) I often travel by Northwest Airlines. 我常坐西北航空公司的飛機(jī)旅行。 36. airplane(n)飛機(jī) An airplane started for Canton yesterday. 昨天一架飛機(jī)飛往廣州。 37. airport(n)飛機(jī)場(chǎng)，航空站 They landed at a small airport. 他們?cè)谝蛔⌒偷臋C(jī)場(chǎng)降落。 38. alive(a.) (常做表語或補(bǔ)語偶爾做后置定語) 活著的;現(xiàn)存的; They were caught alive.他們被活捉了。 They are the happiest children alive. 他們是當(dāng)今最幸福的兒童。 I don’t know whether he’s alive or dead. 我不知道他是死是活。 Is your mother still alive?你媽媽還健在嗎? Although he is eighty, he is still very much alive. 他雖有八十歲了,但仍然充滿了活力。 39. all (a. pron) （與名詞連用時(shí)，在該名詞前可使用the或所有格等限定詞；若與復(fù)數(shù)形式的名詞連用，名詞前也可用基數(shù)詞） 注意：all與not連用有兩種含意：① “并非…都是” ② “即使全部的….也不” All the students are not noisy.并非所有學(xué)生都吵鬧。 All his toys cannot make him happy. 即使他的全部玩具也不能使他快樂。 All five men are hard workers.他們5個(gè)人工作都努力。 All of them enjoyed playing the piano. --Thanks very much for your help. --Not at all. It was a pleasure. 【經(jīng)典試題】 I’m interested in ______ you have said. A. all that B. all what C. that D. which 40. allow (v) 允許,準(zhǔn)許 Swimming is not allowed at this beach. 這片海灘禁止游泳。 She allowed us to smoke. 她允許我們抽煙。 He is not allowed to stay out late.他不可以在外呆到很晚。 We do not allow smoking in the hall. 我們不準(zhǔn)有人在大廳內(nèi)抽煙。 41. almost (ad)幾乎，差不多 He spent almost 1,000 dollars a month. 他每月差不多用1000塊錢。 (與no, none, nothing等詞連用，只能用almost,而不用nearly;反之，與not,never連用只能用nearly而不用almost; nearly可用very, pretty修飾，almost不可) 42. alone (a.) 單獨(dú)的,獨(dú)自的 She watches TV when she is alone. 獨(dú)自一人時(shí),她便看電視。 只有,僅;單單(用于名詞或代詞后加強(qiáng)語氣) The rent alone is $300. 單房租就三百元。 Man alone has the gift of speech. 只有人類才有說話的天賦。 Time alone will show who was right. 只有時(shí)間能證明到底誰對(duì)。 單獨(dú)地(adv) For years Mary lived alone in New York. 瑪麗孤身一人在紐約生活了好幾年。 （alone與only意思相同，但alone常放在被修飾詞之后，而only卻置于其前。） 43. along (ad. prep)向前, 和…一起,一同; 沿著 He sang loudly as he walked along. 他邊向前走邊大聲唱著歌。 Come along with us. 跟我們一道去吧。 I was driving my car along a path.我沿著一條小路開車。 * aloud (ad.) 出聲地, 高聲地 44. already (ad.)已經(jīng);先前 I have had lunch already. 我已用過午餐了。 We have already finished junior middle school. 我們已經(jīng)完成初中學(xué)業(yè)。 --Lunch? --No. thanks. I’ve already eaten. (用語疑問句表示驚訝，驚奇，懷疑) Is it 10 o’clock already? 都十點(diǎn)鐘了？ （2010安徽中考題） -- What’s the date today?今天幾號(hào)了？ --It’s June 16. 六月十六 --Already? Then it’s Dragon Boat Festival today, isn’t it?是嗎？那么今天是端午節(jié)了，對(duì)嗎 45. also (ad.) 也,亦;還; 同樣地 John is also 19 years old約翰也是十九歲。 Since you've accepted the invitation, I'll also accept it. 既然你已接受邀請(qǐng),那我也接受邀請(qǐng)。 He not only plays well, but also writes music. 46. although (conj.) 雖然;盡管 Although he was ill, he worked hard. 他雖然生病,但仍努力工作。 47. always(ad)總是,經(jīng)常；永遠(yuǎn),一直；(動(dòng)詞用進(jìn)行時(shí))老是,一再；(與can/could連用)隨時(shí) They always make fun of Mr. Smith. 他們總是嘲弄史密斯先生。 Children’s Day is always the first of June. 兒童節(jié)一直是六月一日。 She’s always disturbing me.她老是騷擾我。 That phone’s always ringing.那電話老是響個(gè)不停。 （2008安徽中考試題） --English is____ too difficult for me. I can’t learn it well. --Don’t give up. Nothing is difficult if you work hard. A. seldom B. never C. always D. usually 48. America (n) 美國 美洲 America was discovered by Columbus in 1492. 美洲大陸是哥倫布在1492年發(fā)現(xiàn)的。 49. American(a. n) The American students get on well with us. I saw many Americans in Summer Palace yesterday. 50. among (prep)（區(qū)別于between, in the middle of） 在...之中;在(三個(gè)以上)...中間 Tom has always been popular among his classmates. 湯姆在同學(xué)中一直很受歡迎。 例題：He is talking A the students of Class 2 on the playground. A. among B. in the middle of He is playing soccer B the playground. A. among B. in the middle of 51. ancient(a.)古代的; 古老的;古舊的,舊的。 Jerusalem is an ancient city.耶路撒冷是座古城。 He drives an ancient machine.他操縱一臺(tái)老掉牙的機(jī)器。 * ancestor (n) 祖宗，祖先 52. and (conj) 和，與，及（表示并列） This place is nice and warm.此處溫暖而舒適。 表示時(shí)間，動(dòng)作，狀態(tài)的延續(xù)，重復(fù)。 We waited for hours and hours. 我們等了不知多少小時(shí)。 She is getting better and better.她的身體在逐漸變好。 為了（在口語中用于come,go,try之后，相當(dāng)于動(dòng)詞不定式的符號(hào)to） go and buy one去買一個(gè)。 Wait and see 等著瞧吧。 (2009安徽中考試題第32題） Linda tried to become an excellent teacher, ____at last she succeeded. A. so B. or C. but D. and 53. angry (a.)生氣，發(fā)怒的 He was angry with his younger brother. She was angry at what her husband said. Nothing ever makes him angry.從未有事使他生氣。 54. animal (n)動(dòng)物，殘暴的人 He was a good story-teller and used to make up tales about farmers and animals. 他是個(gè)講故事的好手，常編一些農(nóng)夫和動(dòng)物的故事。 What an animal he is! 他是一個(gè)非常殘暴的人。 55. another (a. pron ) 別的，不同的；再(另, 又)一個(gè) He drank another glass of beer. 他又喝了一杯啤酒。 That’s another matter. 那是另外一回事。 I don’t like this one, please show me another. 我不喜歡這個(gè),請(qǐng)給我另一個(gè)。 They had three goals in the first half, and another two in the second.他們上半場(chǎng)進(jìn)了三個(gè)球，下半場(chǎng)又進(jìn)了兩個(gè)。 If you want to book a round-trip ticket, you’ll have to pay another $30. 如果你要訂雙程票，你的再付30美元。 Let’s do it another time.我們下次再辦這事吧。 56. answer (n. v) 回答;答復(fù) 接(電話); 應(yīng)(門) Ann asked many questions and I did my best to answer them. 安妮問了許多問題,我盡可能地回答。 Who answered the telephone? 誰接的電話? 回答;答復(fù); 復(fù)信 反應(yīng) (n) I’m waiting for an answer to my letter. 我正在等候回信。 He said good night to her but she gave no answer. 他向她道晚安,而她卻毫無反應(yīng)。 57. ant (n) 螞蟻 to work like an ant勤奮工作 have ants in one’s pants. 坐立不安，急于做 58. any (pron. a .) (無論)哪一個(gè)(些); 任何的;一些(否,疑,if從句) He wanted a job, any sort of a job. 他需要一個(gè)工作,任何工作都行。 If there is any trouble, do let me know. 如遇到麻煩,務(wù)必告訴我。 I don’t have any money to spare. 我的錢都用光了。 Are there any letters for me? 有我的信嗎? (修飾比較級(jí)：稍稍= a little) Do you feel any better today?今天感覺稍好點(diǎn)嗎？ 【經(jīng)典試題】 He is taller than ______ girl in his class. A. anyB. otherC. any otherD. another 59. anybody(pron)無論誰,任何人, Anybody may come.任何人都可以來。 I didn’t meet anybody.我任何人都沒碰到。 If anybody calls, tell him I have gone out. 60. anyone=anybody (pron)任何人 61. anything (pron) (用于疑,否或if從句時(shí))什么東西, 任何東西 Do you have anything to say? 你有什么話要說嗎? Is there anything wrong with your clock? (用于肯定句時(shí))無論什么東西,無論什么事情 My dog will eat almost anything. 我的狗幾乎什么東西都吃。 成語：anything but決不，根本不 The hotel was anything but cheap.這旅館根本不便宜。 （比較anything but 與nothing but） 62. anyway (ad.)不管怎樣；反正；即使如此 It may rain, but we shall go anyway. 也許會(huì)下雨,可我們無論如何要去。 Thank you all the same = Thank you anyway 63. anywhere (ad.) (用于疑問句或if從句時(shí))在任何地方,往任何地方 Did you go anywhere last night? 你昨天夜里有沒有到什么地方去? (用于否定句時(shí))什么地方(也) You can’t get it anywhere. 這東西你什么地方也買不到的。
